Science · 1992 · 488 citations · 20 references
Natural SciencesEarth SciencesMeteorologyAtmospheric SciencePhysical MeteorologyTropical MeteorologyLightning PhysicsThermal Remote SensingTropical Atmospheric DynamicsTropical Climate VariabilityTropical ConvectionTropical SoundingsAtmospheric Temperature SoundingFlash Rate VariabilityIce Crystal MicrophysicsIce-phase MicrophysicsSchumann ResonancesThermal FluctuationsTropical Atmospheric SoundingsTropical Tropospheric Temperature Response
The Schumann resonance, a global electromagnetic phenomenon, is shown to be a sensitive measure of temperature fluctuations in the tropical atmosphere. The link between Schumann resonance and temperature is lightning flash rate, which increases nonlinearly with temperature in the interaction between deep convection and ice microphysics.
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Global temperature variations between 1861 and 1984
P. D. Jones, T. M. L. Wigley, Patricia Wright · Nature · 1986 · 531 citations
The tripole structure of thunderstorms
Earle Williams · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · 1989 · 492 citations
A Radar and Electrical Study of Tropical “Hot Towers”
Earle Williams, Spiros G. Geotis, N. Rennó et al. · Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences · 1992 · 338 citations · Full text