Reliability and Validity of the Personality Inventory for <i>DSM-5</i> (PID-5)

TLDR

The study aimed to evaluate the internal consistency, factor structure, and DSM‑IV PD recovery capability of the Italian PID‑5. The authors administered the Italian PID‑5 and PDQ‑4+ to 710 community volunteers, performed reliability, factor, and regression analyses, and replicated the study in an independent sample of 389 volunteers. The PID‑5 demonstrated excellent reliability (α > .70 for facets, > .90 for domains), confirmed its five‑factor structure, explained substantial variance in PDQ‑4+ PD scales (except passive‑aggressive), replicated in a second sample, predicted psychopathy, and overall proved reliable for recovering DSM‑IV PDs and detecting psychopathy.

Abstract

In order to assess the internal consistency, factor structure, and ability to recover DSM-IV personality disorders (PDs) of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) scales, 710 Italian adult community dwelling volunteers were administered the Italian translation of the PID-5, as well as the Italian translation of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire–4+ (PDQ-4+). Cronbach’s alpha values were &gt;.70 for all PID-5 facet scales and greater than .90 for all PID-5 domain scales. Parallel analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported the theoretical five-factor model of the PID-5 trait scales. Regression analyses showed that both PID-5 trait and domain scales explained a substantial amount of variance in the PDQ-4+ PD scales, with the exception of the Passive-Aggressive PD scale. When the PID-5 was administered to a second independent sample of 389 Italian adult community dwelling volunteers, the basic psychometric properties of the scale were replicated. In this second sample, the PID-5 trait and domain scales proved to be significant predictors of psychopathy measures. As a whole, the results of the present study support the hypothesis that the PID-5 is a reliable instrument which is able to recover DSM-IV PDs, as well as to capture personality pathology that is not included in the DSM-IV (namely, psychopathy).