Fetal genotyping for the K (Kell) and Rh C, c, and E blood groups on cell‐free fetal DNA in maternal plasma

Abstract

Reliable methods have been developed for predicting fetal K, C, c, and E phenotypes, by testing fetal DNA in the plasma samples of pregnant women whose RBCs lack the corresponding antigens. These methods are now being used routinely in a diagnostic service in the United Kingdom.