Experimental Extensive Balloon Dilation of the Distal Ureter: Immediate and Long-Term Effects

Abstract

We studied the effects of rapid and slow balloon dilation of the distal ureter to 8 mm (24F) in six pigs. Rapid dilation (<10 seconds) resulted in short-term marked ureteral inflammation, extravasation, and periureteral hematoma, whereas slow dilation was well tolerated. Long-term changes were minimal with both methods. We consider that the distal pig ureter can be safely dilated to 8 mm.