Stress‐induced borehole elongation: A comparison between the four‐arm dipmeter and the borehole televiewer in the Auburn Geothermal Well

TLDR

The study investigates the origin of borehole elongation detected by a four‑arm dipmeter, using hydraulic fracturing stress data and borehole televiewer measurements from Auburn, New York. The authors employed dipmeter caliper and oriented electric measurements, together with televiewer data and hydraulic fracturing stress tests, to characterize borehole elongation geometry. Both the dipmeter and televiewer identify a dominant N10°W–S10°E elongation aligned with the minimum horizontal stress and interpreted as stress‑induced breakouts, while a secondary E–W elongation results from asymmetric cross‑section in thinly bedded rocks, and the dipmeter can reliably map Sh orientation and regional stress patterns.

Abstract

The nature and origin of borehole elongation recorded by the four‐arm dipmeter calipers is studied utilizing information obtained from hydraulic fracturing stress measurements and borehole televiewer data taken in a well located in Auburn, New York. A preferred orientation N10°W‐S10°E, ±10° and a less prominant E‐W orientation of borehole elongation, was observed on two runs of the dipmeter. Comparisons of borehole geometry determined using the televiewer and the dipmeter show that both tools give the same orientation of borehole elongtion provided that the zone of elongation is longer than 30 cm. Comparisons of dipmeter caliper data with orientation of in situ stress and natural fractures, obtained from hydrofracturing tests and televiewer data show that the N10°W‐S10°E borehole elongations (1) are axisymmetric, (2) are aligned with the minimum horizontal stress S h , and (3) are not associated with natural fractures intersecting the well. These elongations are interpreted as stress‐induced well bore breakouts. The E‐W elongation direction is characterized by an asymmetric borehole cross section in thinly bedded rocks and is not caused by breakouts. This asymmetric geometry can be discriminated from breakouts using the oriented electric measurements provided by the dipmeter. This study demonstrates that the dipmeter can be used to determine the orientation of S h (by mapping breakouts), confirming the results of earlier less detailed studies, and provides a firm basis for mapping regional stress patterns using existing dipmeter data.