Maze learning in the absence of primary reinforcement: a study of secondary reinforcement.

Principles of Behavior

B. F. Skinner, Clark L. Hull · The American Journal of Psychology · 1944 · 4.1K citations

Studies of fear as an acquirable drive: I. Fear as motivation and fear-reduction as reinforcement in the learning of new responses.

Neal E. Miller · Journal of Experimental Psychology · 1948 · 537 citations

Public Health, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +12

Habit strength as a function of the pattern of reinforcement.

O. Hobart Mowrer, Helen M.F. Jones · Journal of Experimental Psychology · 1945 · 256 citations

Public Health, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +12

The role of secondary reinforcement in delayed reward learning.

Kaye Spence · Psychological Review · 1947 · 215 citations

Social Sciences, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +14

Effectiveness of token rewards for chimpanzees.

J. B. Wolfe · 1936 · 167 citations

Social Sciences, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +10