Simulations and experiments on polarization squeezing in optical fiber

Abstract

We investigate polarization squeezing of ultrashort pulses in optical fiber, over a wide range of input energies and fiber lengths. Comparisons are made between experimental data and quantum dynamical simulations to find good quantitative agreement. The numerical calculations, performed using both truncated Wigner and exact $+P$ phase-space methods, include nonlinear and stochastic Raman effects, through coupling to phonon variables. The simulations reveal that excess phase noise, such as from depolarizing guided acoustic wave Brillouin scattering, affects squeezing at low input energies, while Raman effects cause a marked deterioration of squeezing at higher energies and longer fiber lengths. We also calculate the optimum fiber length for maximum squeezing.