Scanning Electron Microscopy Studies on Failure of Natural Rubber

Abstract

Abstract The changes in failure mode of natural rubber reinforced with HAF black (N 330) and vulcanized by two systems (conventional and efficient vulcanization) have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of vulcanization system on the failure mode is not pronounced. However, effect of reinforcing filler is quite distinct. In the case of fracture by tension and tear, it is observed that with the addition of filler tear lines gradually start deviation resulting curved tear paths which, in many instances, are parabolic in nature. Likewise in abrasion, change in structure of the ribs with the addition of filler is observed. In flex failure, gradual addition of filler causes change from ductile failure to brittle failure for both conventional and EV systems. E V mixes show more cracks and less flow on the surface leading to poorer flexing strength.