Pneumopericardium in the Newborn: Diagnosis and Pathogenesis

Abstract

Pneumopericardium is a rare complication of pulmonary disease in the newborn period. Its radiographic appearance on anteroposterior films of the supine infant may be confused with pneumomediastinum or pneumothorax so that knowledge of the relevant fascial layers is necessary for an understanding of the pathophysiology and allows proper radiographic diagnosis and appropriate treatment. The management of pneumopericardium depends on whether or not cardiac tamponade is present and the monitoring of aortic blood pressure allows this diagnosis to be made. In the absence of a fall in blood pressure, a conservative approach is probably indicated.