Origins of the extragalactic background at 1 mm from a combined analysis of the AzTEC and MAMBO data in GOODS-N

Abstract

We present a study of the cosmic infrared background, which is a measure of the dust-obscured
\nactivity in all galaxies in the Universe. We venture to isolate the galaxies responsible for the
\nbackground at 1 mm; with spectroscopic and photometric redshifts we constrain the redshift
\ndistribution of these galaxies. We create a deep 1.16mm map (σ ~ 0.5 mJy) by combining
\nthe AzTEC 1.1 mm and MAMBO 1.2 mm data sets in the Great Observatories Origins Deep
\nSurvey North (GOODS-N) region. This combined map contains 41 secure detections, 13 of
\nwhich are new. By averaging the 1.16 mm flux densities of individually undetected galaxies
\nwith 24 μm flux densities >25 μJy, we resolve 31–45 per cent of the 1.16 mm background.
\nRepeating our analysis on the SCUBA 850 μm map, we resolve a higher percentage (40–64
\nper cent) of the 850 μm background. A majority of the background resolved (attributed to
\nindividual galaxies) at both wavelengths comes from galaxies at z > 1.3. If the ratio of the
\nresolved submillimetre to millimetre background is applied to a reasonable scenario for the
\norigins of the unresolved submillimetre background, 60–88 per cent of the total 1.16 mm
\nbackground comes from galaxies at z > 1.3.