Potentiel des jachères artificielles à Andropogon spp. dans l’amélioration des propriétés chimiques et biologiques des sols en zone soudanienne (Burkina Faso)

Abstract

Potential of the artificial fallows on Andropogon spp. in the improvement of the chemical and biological properties of soil in Sudanian zone (Burkina Faso). In order to find solutions to the decrease in yield consecutive to the decrease of soil fertility in ferruginous soil an experiment was carried out at Sobaka, in the Sudanian zone of Burkina Faso. An artificial fallow containing Andropogon spp. was created and the biological activity of the tropical ferruginous soil was evaluated at the end of three years of fallow. The following parameters were evaluated: total carbon and nitrogen, respirometric activity, CO2, carbon production and microbial biomass. The results after three years show that the organic matter produced by the litter and the roots of andropogonnées increase significantly the organic matter of the soil over 40% compared to the natural fallow or to the cultivated soil. The artificial fallows significantly improve the produced carbon and the microbial biomass. It is thus possible to recommend the artificial fallow with Andropogon spp. to improve the soil fertility and to shorten the duration of the fallow.