Malondialdehyde‐Acetaldehyde Adducts and Anti–Malondialdehyde‐Acetaldehyde Antibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

MAA adduct formation is increased in RA and appears to result in robust antibody responses that are strongly associated with ACPAs. These results support speculation that MAA formation may be a cofactor that drives tolerance loss, resulting in the autoimmune responses characteristic of RA.