Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association · 2015 · 73 citations · 16 references
VOC and HAP emissions from upstream production operations are important due to their potential impact on regional ozone levels and proximate populations. This study provides information on the sources and variability of VOC and HAP emissions from production pads as well as a comparison between different measurement techniques and laboratory analysis protocols. On-site and remote measurements of VOC and HAP emissions from oil and gas production pads indicate that measurable emissions can occur despite the presence of control measures, often as a result of leaking thief hatch seals on condensate tanks. Furthermore, results from the remote measurement method OTM 33A indicate that it can be used effectively as an inspection technique for identifying oil and gas well pads with large fugitive emissions.
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Methane Leaks from North American Natural Gas Systems
Adam R. Brandt, Garvin Heath, E. A. Kort et al. · Science · 2014 · 932 citations · Full text