On the Foundation of the Ontological Foundation of Conceptual Modeling Grammars: The Construction of the Bunge-Wand-Weber Ontology

Abstract

Abstract. In response to constant criticism that methods for conceptual modeling in information systems lack theoretical foundations, several approaches have been proposed. Among these, ontological approaches have recently received considerable attention. Though MCCARTHY and HAYES already in 1969 had called for ‘‘metaphysically adequate modeling,’ ’ it was not before 1986 that WAND and WEBER commenced working out an ontological foundation of conceptual modeling, drawing on an ontology by BUNGE; thus later named Bunge--Wand--Weber (BWW) ontology. Nonetheless, its application triggered questions regarding its grounding, which remain open yet. Addressing some of these, a first review of the BWW ontology is being offered----putting it in the context of ontological foundations of conceptual modeling----as a bid for increased rigor in theory development. The emergence of conceptual modeling, BUNGE’s ontology, and its adaptation by WAND and WEBER are summarized, concluding with questions regarding the overall project of ontological foundations of conceptual modeling. 1