Side effects of intradetrusor botulinum toxin injections on ejaculation and fertility in men with spinal cord injury: preliminary findings

Abstract

BT treatment has beneficial and detrimental effects on ejaculation function. The detrimental effects involve retrograde ejaculation and reduced semen volume, which are explained by the spread of toxin to the bladder neck, reducing its tonus, and to the smooth muscle sexual accessory organs, reducing the strength of their contraction. The beneficial effects are explained by the reduced contamination of the semen by urinary infection, which may improve spermatogenesis and subsequent semen quality. The results are discussed in terms of their clinical implications and advice to patients.