A spectral algorithm for learning Hidden Markov Models

Maximum Likelihood from Incomplete Data Via the <i>EM</i> Algorithm

A. P. Dempster, N. M. Laird, Donald B. Rubin · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology) · 1977 · 49.7K citations

Public Health, Biostatistics, Bayesian Data Analysis +16

A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition

L. R. Rabiner · Proceedings of the IEEE · 1989 · 22.8K citations

Computing, Computer Science, Machine Learning +11

A Maximization Technique Occurring in the Statistical Analysis of Probabilistic Functions of Markov Chains

Leonard E. Baum, Ted Petrie, George Soules · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · 1970 · 4.3K citations · Full text

Natural Sciences, Computer Science, Mathematics +12

Matrix perturbation theory

Mathematics and Computers in Simulation · 1991 · 2.5K citations

Natural Sciences, Physics, Dynamical Systems +8

An inequality with applications to statistical estimation for probabilistic functions of Markov processes and to a model for ecology

Leonard E. Baum, J. A. Eagon · Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society · 1967 · 1K citations · Full text

Natural Sciences, Ecology, Mathematics +14