A comparative study of five integrator structures for monolithic continuous-time filters: a tutorial

Abstract

Five integrator structures for IC filters are evaluated, i.e., the Gm-C integrator; the Gm-C-Opamp integrator; the Gm-C-OTA integrator; the MOSFET-C-Opamp integrator; and the MOSFET-C-OTA integrator. The advantages and disadvantages of each are presented based on several criteria. The main results of the comparison are provided in tabular form.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>