Efficient controlled-phase gate for single-spin qubits in quantum dots

Abstract

Two-qubit interactions are at the heart of quantum information processing. For single-spin qubits in semiconductor quantum dots, the exchange gate has always been considered the natural two-qubit gate. The recent integration of a magnetic field or $g$-factor gradients in coupled quantum dot systems allows for a one-step, robust realization of the controlled-phase (C-phase) gate instead. We analyze the C-phase gate durations and fidelities that can be obtained under realistic conditions, including the effects of charge and nuclear field fluctuations, and find gate error probabilities of below ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$, possibly allowing fault-tolerant quantum computation.