Human ecodynamics in the<scp>M</scp>angareva<scp>I</scp>slands: a stratified sequence from<scp>N</scp>enega‐<scp>I</scp>ti<scp>R</scp>ock<scp>S</scp>helter (site<scp>AGA</scp>‐3,<scp>A</scp>gakauitai<scp>I</scp>sland)

Abstract

Abstract The G ambier I slands ( F rench P olynesia) are noted for their extreme deforestation and low biodiversity in the post‐ E uropean contact period. We report on the archaeological and palaeoecological investigation of a stratified rock shelter (site AGA ‐3) on A gakauitai I sland, revealing a sequence of environmental transformation following P olynesian colonisation of the archipelago. Radiocarbon dates indicate use of the rock shelter from the 13th to the mid‐17th centuries, followed by a sterile depositional hiatus, and then final early post‐contact use (late 18th to early 19th century). Zooarchaeological analysis of faunal remains indicates rapid declines in local populations of seabirds, especially procellariids, as well as later increases in numbers of the introduced, commensal P acific rat ( R attus exulans ). Macro‐ and micro‐botanical evidence documents transformation of the island's flora from indigenous forest to one dominated by economic plants and fire‐resistant taxa. A multi‐causal model of dynamic interactions, including nutrient depletion due to seabird loss, most likely accounts for this dramatic ecological transformation.