International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · 2014 · 44 citations · 33 references
This is the first research to demonstrate that communication is perceived as more lively when it contains direct speech than when it does not, but yet is not more comprehensible. Individuals with Broca's and anomic aphasia are known to produce regularly direct speech constructions in elicited narratives. Given that liveliness is known to increase listeners' involvement and to help listeners stay focused, we suggest that this relative increase in direct speech by aphasic speakers may reflect a strategy to increase not only the liveliness of their discourse, but also listener focus and involvement.
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Universals in language usage: Politeness phenomena
Penelope Brown, Stephen C. Levinson · Max Planck Digital Library · 1978 · 2.2K citations
Evaluational reactions to spoken languages.
Wallace E. Lambert, Richard Hodgson, R. C. Gardner et al. · Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology · 1960 · 1.5K citations