Cryptographic credit control in pre-payment metering systems

Abstract

We describe the successful introduction of cryptology into a new application area-protecting prepayment electricity meters from token fraud. These meters are used by a number of utilities from Scotland to South Africa, and they present some interesting security challenges.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>