The biomechanics of force distribution in implant-supported prostheses.

TLDR

Natural teeth generate micromovement via the periodontal ligament, and tooth location and cusp inclination modulate force patterns, whereas osseointegrated implants lack micromovement, resulting in a distinct force distribution at the implant interface that can affect overload risk and treatment outcomes. Combining natural teeth with an osseointegrated prosthesis requires new design principles. The study compares force distribution between splinted natural teeth and osseointegrated prostheses.

Abstract

Force distribution with natural teeth depends on micromovement induced by the periodontal ligament. The location and cusp inclination of the tooth qualitatively alter the force pattern. Osseointegrated implants do not have micromovement associated with force distribution. Force distribution to the osseointegrated implant interface is completely different than with natural teeth. Alterations in tooth location and cusp inclination are suggested to limit implant overload. Force distribution in splinted natural teeth and osseointegrated prostheses are compared. The mechanism of interface force distribution and the consequences of poor interface fit are interrelated. The differential mobility of splinted natural teeth affects diagnosis and treatment. However, combining natural teeth with an osseointegrated prosthesis requires new design principles.