Early Phase Bronchoconstriction in the Mouse Requires Allergen-Specific IgG

Abstract

Allergen provocation of allergic asthma patients is often characterized by an initial period of bronchoconstriction, or early phase reaction (EPR), that leads to maximal airway narrowing within 15-30 min, followed by a recovery period returning airway function to baseline within 1-2 h. In this study, we used a defined OVA provocation model and mice deficient for specific leukocyte populations to investigate the cellular/molecular origins of the EPR. OVA-sensitized/challenged wild-type (C57BL/6J) mice displayed an EPR following OVA provocation. However, this response was absent in gene knockout animals deficient of either B or T cells. Moreover, transfer of OVA-specific IgG, but not IgE, before the OVA provocation, was capable of inducing the EPR in both strains of lymphocyte-deficient mice. Interestingly, an EPR was also observed in sensitized/challenged mast cell-deficient mice following an OVA provocation. These data show that the EPR in the mouse is an immunologically based pathophysiological response that requires allergen-specific IgG but occurs independent of mast cell activities. Thus, in the mouse the initial period of bronchoconstriction following allergen exposure may involve neither mast cells nor IgE-mediated events.