Effects of Mn doping on dielectric and piezoelectric properties of 0.71Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.29PbTiO3 single crystals

Abstract

The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the Mn-doped 0.71Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.29PbTiO3 (PMNT) crystals oriented along ⟨001⟩ and ⟨110⟩ directions, respectively, have been investigated. The investigations have shown that 3at.% Mn substitution results in (i) a large increment of coercive field at the cost of piezoelectric response, (ii) an increased Curie temperature and an enhanced stability of the ferroelectric rhombohedral phase, which enable a wider operation temperature range, and (iii) enhanced linearity in electric field induced strain with lower hysteresis. The hardened PMNT crystals favor their applications in high power transducers.