A blind audio watermarking algorithm with self-synchronization

Abstract

A blind audio information bit hiding algorithm with effective synchronization is proposed in this paper. The algorithm embeds synchronization signals in the time domain to resist the attacks such as cropping while keeping the computation for resynchronization lower. The watermark is placed in blockwise DCT coefficients of the original audio exploiting the HAS (Human Audio System) features. To lower the bit error rate of the watermark in extraction, error-correcting coding is applied. The experimental results show that the hidden imperceptible watermark is robust to the attacks caused by additive noise, MP3 coding, and cropping.