The geometric structure of the Pareto distribution

Abstract

We report an unusual case of spontaneous massive retroperitoneal hemorrhage from an adrenal gland metastasis. After medical therapy failed to stabilize the patient's condition, surgical exploration revealed a large retroperitoneal hematoma arising from a right adrenal gland metastasis. At the time of thoracoabdominal exploration in the lower lobe of right lung a small tumor nodule was palpated and resected. Pathologic examination of both lung and abdominal lesions revealed squamous cell carcinoma thought to have been primary in the lung. A review of the literature reveals that metastatic lesions to the adrenal gland are infrequently encountered clinically and rarely hemorrhage; the first such case in which massive retroperitoneal hemorrhage was a complication is reported in the urologic literature.