Global spread of New Delhi mettallo-beta-lactamase-1(NDM-1).

Abstract

Global spread of blaNDM-1 genes among multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens is a threat for human that affects all patients throughout the world. Therefore, 2011 was named as Antibacterial Resistance year. Carbapenems are last–line antibiotics for treatment of nosocomial infections. Resistance to this group of antibiotics is because of producing metallo-β-lactamase especially NDM-1. Different sorts of plasmids in different sizes carry blaNDM-1 gene. In addition to NDM-1, plasmids have the other resistance genes like extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), cephalosporinases, carbapenemases, macrolides as well as rifampin and fluoroquinolones resistance genes. These plasmids can be transferred from bacteria to bacteria, from man to man and even country to country. There is still no vaccine to prevent from infections produced by bacteria which have carbapenemases. So, it is necessary to inspect phenotyping and genotyping NDM-1 resistant pattern worldwide.