Assessing influence of diagenetic carbonate dissolution on planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca in the southeastern Arabian Sea over the past 450 ka: Comparison between <i>Globigerinoides ruber</i> and <i>Globigerinoides sacculifer</i>

Abstract

The influence of supralysoclinal calcite dissolution on the Mg/Ca thermometer over the last 450 ka is assessed using Globigerinoides ruber and Globigerinoides sacculifer from a core site in the eastern Arabian Sea. The studied site is characterized by precession‐cycled paleoproductivity changes that have induced calcite dissolution in the sediments, although the core still contains 40–80% CaCO 3 . During high‐productivity periods, the narrow‐sized test weights of both foraminiferal species tend to decrease with increasing Mn/Ca ratio, indicating corrosive pore water conditions. Scanning electron microscope observations show that G. sacculifer maintains a better preserved test ultrastructure than G. ruber . Microprobe mapping reveals that Mg‐rich bands in G. ruber chamber walls are preserved despite reduced Ca content. Assuming that the low test weight and offset in Mg/Ca temperature between G. sacculifer and G. ruber are exclusively produced by calcite dissolution, the bias in Mg/Ca temperature determination can be estimated at around 1°C, comparable to uncertainty of this thermometry. Despite the evidence for test dissolution, foraminiferal Mg/Ca seems to preserve initial temperature signals under the studied conditions.