Glucocorticoid receptors participate in the opiate withdrawal‐induced stimulation of rats NTS noradrenergic activity and in the somatic signs of morphine withdrawal

Abstract

These results suggest that the physical signs of opiate withdrawal, TH activation and stimulation of noradrenergic pathways innervating the PVN are modulated by GR signalling. Overall, the present data suggest that drugs targeting the GR may ameliorate stress and aversive effects associated with opiate withdrawal.