State of Practice for the Design of Socketed Piles in Rock

Abstract

Development over the past three decades in design methods for axial and lateral loads on rock socketed piles are summarised. The key factors which influence design for axial loading are presented and detailed descriptions are given of three appropriate design methods, together with worked examples. The implementation of Limit State design concepts for socketed piles is described. The writer concludes that the method by Rowe and Armitage is currently the most satisfactory design tool, although it is acknowledged that methods based on fundamental parameters controlling side shear have substantial value in assessing socketed pile behaviour. The state of practice in regard to lateral loading of rock sockets is substantially less satisfactory than for axial loading. Calculation of elastic displacements and rotations can be made using equations developed by Carter and Kulhawy. However, methods for assessing ultimate strength capacity for lateral loading are poorly developed.