Genetic polymorphisms in matrix metalloproteinases ( <scp>MMPs</scp> ) and tissue inhibitors of <scp>MPs</scp> ( <scp>TIMPs</scp> ), and bladder cancer susceptibility

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To elucidate genetic polymorphisms of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) MMP1 (rs1799750), MMP2 (rs243865), MMP9 (rs3918242), MMP12 (rs2276109) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) TIMP1 (rs2070584) and TIMP3 (rs9619311) genes that may be involved in susceptibility to bladder cancer (BC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We enrolled 241 patients with BC and 199 controls. Genomic DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood and polymorphisms were analysed by high-resolution melting analysis and by real-time polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan fluorescent probes. RESULTS: Of the six evaluated polymorphisms of MMPs and TIMPs, only one was found to be associated with BC risk. There was a significant difference for MMP1 (rs1799750) 2G/1G+1G/1G genotype (odds ratio [OR] 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39-0.98; P = 0.042). Additionally, there was a joint effect of this genotype on BC risk among 'ever smokers' (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28-0.89; P = 0.019), but not in 'never smokers'. The combined genotype MMP2 -1306C/T (rs243865) allele T with MMP9 -1562C/T (rs3918242) allele T was found to increase BC risk (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.10-3.62; P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that genetic variations in five polymorphisms of MMPs and TIMPs are not associated with a high risk of BC. Only MMP1 polymorphism may be related to the risk of BC, notably in 'ever smokers'. Our study suggests that the effects of polymorphisms of MMPs and TIMPs on BC risk deserve further investigation.