Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the cauda equina in an elderly patient

Abstract

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are aggressive neoplasms composed predominantly of undifferentiated cells that show evidence of neural differentiation. Although their classification remains disputed, PNETs are recognized as primary tumors in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. These rare tumors usually occur in children or young adults and are typically metastatic to the spinal cord. The authors report the case of a 70-year-old man with no significant medical history, in whom a peripheral PNET was demonstrated that, based on clinical and imaging findings, manifested as a nonspecific intrathecal tumoral process arising from the cauda equina. Although this lesion is rare in the elderly, the authors' case illustrates the importance of making this diagnosis as early as possible so that a treatment plan may be devised. The use of chemotherapy in association with radiotherapy in relation to the resection of the tumor should be reconsidered.