Roles of M₂and M₃muscarinic receptors in cholinergic nerve‐induced contractions in mouse ileum studied with receptor knockout mice

Abstract

These results demonstrate that M(2) and M(3) receptors participate in mediating cholinergic contractions in mouse ileum with the latter receptors assuming a greater role. Our data also suggest that the lack of both M(2) and M(3) receptors causes upregulation of noncholinergic excitatory innervation of the gut smooth muscle.