CRF₂mediates the increased noradrenergic activity in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and the negative state of morphine withdrawal in rats

Abstract

These results suggest that physical signs of opiate withdrawal, TH activation and stimulation of noradrenergic pathways innervating the PVN are modulated by CRF₂ signalling. Furthermore, they indicate a marginal role for the HPA axis in CRF₂-mediation of opiate withdrawal.