Phase transition in the chiral σ-ω model with dilatons

Abstract

We investigate the properties of different modifications to the linear $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ model (including a dilaton field associated with broken scale invariance) at finite baryon density $\ensuremath{\rho}$ and nonzero temperature $T$. The explicit breaking of chiral symmetry and the way the vector meson mass is generated are significant for the appearance of a phase of nearly vanishing nucleon mass besides the solution describing normal nuclear matter. The elimination of the abnormal solution prohibits the onset of a chiral phase transition but allows one to lower the compressibility to a reasonable range. The repulsive contributions from the vector mesons are responsible for the wide range of stability of the normal phase in the $(\ensuremath{\mu}$, $T)$ plane. The abnormal solution becomes not only energetically preferable to the normal state at high temperature or density, but also mechanically stable due to the inclusion of dilatons.