Modeling for the FE-Simulation of Warm Metal Forming Processes

Abstract

Better formability, less forming force and satisfactory quality are the most important characteristics of warm forming processes. However, the material models for either cold forming or hot forming cannot be directly adopted for the numerical simulation of warm forming processes. Supplement and modification are necessary. Based on the Zener‐Hollomon formulation, additional terms are proposed in the presented work to describe the softening effect observed during warm forming processes as well as the strain hardening effect. The numerical simulation provides detailed information about the history and distribution of both deformation and temperature, the phase transformation can then also be evaluated, provided the experimental data are available.