Orthopedics · 1995 · 116 citations · 16 references
MedicineOrthopedic SurgeryRehabilitation MedicineMusculoskeletal RehabilitationOrthopedic RehabilitationPhysical TherapyExercise RehabilitationExercise TherapyLow Back Pain RehabilitationPhysical RehabilitationSpinal RehabilitationSpine RehabilitationChronic Low Back PainControl Group DesignLow Back Pain ExerciseLumbar Spine RehabilitationLumbar Spine StabilityLumbar Stabilization ExercisesMatched Control GroupSpecific Goals
Eight hundred ninety-five consecutive chronic low back pain patients were evaluated. Six hundred twenty-seven completed the program. One hundred sixty-one began, but dropped out, and 107 were recommended for treatment but did not undergo treatment for various reasons. Average duration of symptoms prior to evaluation was 26 months. Forty-seven percent of patients were workers' compensation patients. The primary treatment was intensive, specific exercise using firm pelvic stabilization to isolate and rehabilitate the lumbar spine musculature. Patients were encouraged to work hard to achieve specific goals. Seventy-six percent of patients completing the program had excellent or good results. At 1-year follow up 94% of patients with good or excellent results reported maintaining their improvement. Results in the control group were significantly poorer in all areas surveyed except employment.
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Nonorganic Physical Signs in Low-Back Pain
Gordon Waddell, John A. McCulloch, E G Kummel et al. · Spine · 1980 · 836 citations
The Lumbar Spine An Orthopaedic Challenge
Alf Nachemson · Spine · 1976 · 517 citations