Clinical outcomes of mesh exposure/extrusion: presentation, timing and management

Abstract

Persistent or new-onset abnormal vaginal bleeding and hispareunia after TVM surgery should be considered as 'red flag' symptoms for mesh exposure/extrusion. Frequent follow-up from the first 3-4 months up to 1 year postoperative may identify complications. Utilisation of mesh excision or trimming as the initial means of treatment may yield a better outcome.