Cooperative breeding in the Spanish Imperial Eagle<i>Aquila adalberti</i>: a case of polyandry with male reversed sexual behaviour?

Abstract

In cooperative breeding, three or more individuals raise the young in a nest. Their contribution generally consists of feeding nestlings or fledglings from a single nest, but may also include incubation and defence of the nest or territory. Co-breeders are often related to the focal breeding pair (Brown 1987). Cooperative breeding has been documented extensively in diurnal raptors (Kimball et al. 2003).