American Water Works Association · 1994 · 252 citations · 38 references
PharmacyPharmacokineticsToxicologyEnvironmental HealthEnvironmental ToxicologyRisk AssessmentArsenic ToxicologyDrinking Water SafetyEnvironmental Heavy Metal ExposureExposure AssessmentPublic Health Risk AssessmentWater QualityArsenic BiomonitoringArsenic Exposure AssessmentArsenic In Drinking WaterArsenic Risk AssessmentChronic Arsenic ExposureDrinking Water Arsenic ContaminationEnvironmental Arsenic ExposureMechanisms Of Arsenic Toxicity
Definitive answers regarding arsenic health risks at low exposures will be elusive without additional research. The adequacy of the current maximum contaminant level (MCL) for arsenic is being evaluated by the US Environmental Protection Agency. If recent theoretical estimates of chronic effects and cancer risks prove accurate, the current MCL may not effectively protect health. Knowledge of arsenic pharmacokinetics and mechanisms in humans, however, is not complete enough to provide a definitive answer, and current epidemiologic evidence is too inconsistent and too fraught with uncertainty regarding arsenic exposure to be helpful in assessing low‐level risks.
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