Large Ball Metal on Metal Hips Obscure Cup Angle Measurement on Plain Radiographs

Abstract

CT when compared to plain radiograph is known to be a more valid measure of acetabular component orientation. The validity of plain radiographs may be further compromised by large diameter metal femoral heads because of obscuration of the acetabular rim. We quantified this effect by measuring acetabular cup angles (inclination and version) of 49 metal on metal (MOM) hip resurfacings using plain radiographs and 3D CT based measurement. Bland-Altman plots revealed poor agreement between plain radiographic and CT based measurement with 2 standard deviation limits of agreements of: +7 to -15 degrees for cup inclination angle; and +16 to -31 degrees for cup version angle. The large differences between plain radiographic and CT measurement of cup positions are probably due to the large diameter metal femoral head that can obscure the cup margin. We have used a metal artefact reduction CT protocol with a 3D imaging software package to overcome this problem and measure cup position relative to the Anterior Pelvic Plane.