Urban green spaces is a multidisciplinary academic concept and research field focused on the study of vegetated areas within built environments. It investigates the planning, design, ecological characteristics, and socio-economic impacts of diverse natural and semi-natural elements—such as parks, gardens, street trees, and green infrastructure—examining their role in providing ecosystem services, enhancing biodiversity, mitigating environmental stressors, and contributing to human health and well-being in urban contexts.