Theories of change is a conceptual framework and methodological approach used to articulate the causal pathways by which an intervention or initiative is expected to lead to specific, desired outcomes. This approach investigates the sequence of intermediate results, underlying assumptions, and contextual factors necessary to achieve long-term goals, providing a structured model for planning, implementation, and evaluation. Its significance lies in clarifying program logic, identifying critical assumptions, and facilitating evidence-based assessment of progress and impact.