Temporomandibular joint replacement is a surgical intervention and its associated research field dedicated to the prosthetic reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint. As an academic concept, it investigates the biomaterials, biomechanics, surgical methodologies, clinical outcomes, and long-term efficacy of alloplastic implants utilized to replace damaged or diseased components of the joint, aiming to restore masticatory function, alleviate pain, and improve patient quality of life in cases of severe temporomandibular disorders unresponsive to conservative treatments.