Rotorcraft aerodynamics is the specialized field of aerodynamics concerned with the study of airflow phenomena, forces, and moments associated with rotating wings (rotors) and their influence on the performance, stability, and control of vertical lift aircraft. This discipline investigates complex unsteady flow physics, including induced flow, blade element theory, wake dynamics, and blade-vortex interactions, critical for the design, analysis, and operational envelope of helicopters and other rotor-driven vehicles.