Healthcare access is a foundational concept and active research domain within health services and public health sciences. It investigates the multifaceted processes and determinants influencing individuals' and populations' ability to identify needs, seek, reach, obtain, and receive appropriate healthcare services. This concept is characterized by its multidimensional nature, encompassing aspects such as the availability, geographic accessibility, affordability, accommodation, and acceptability of services, and it analyzes barriers and facilitators across individual, provider, organizational, and systemic levels. Its significance lies in understanding health disparities, evaluating the equity and effectiveness of health systems, and informing policies aimed at improving service utilization and population health outcomes.