Health care finance is the academic discipline concerned with the mobilization, accumulation, and allocation of money to pay for health services. It investigates the sources of funding (e.g., government, private insurance, households), the mechanisms by which resources are collected and pooled, the payment systems for providers, and the financial management of health organizations and systems. This field is critical for analyzing the financial sustainability, efficiency, equity, and accessibility of health care provision, and for informing policy aimed at improving health system performance and achieving goals such as universal health coverage and financial protection.