Cell-based vaccine production is a biomanufacturing methodology and research field focused on utilizing living cells, typically continuous cell lines or primary cells, as substrates for the propagation of viruses, the expression of recombinant proteins, or the cultivation of other vaccine components. This approach investigates the optimization of cell culture systems, bioprocessing techniques, and purification methods to enable the efficient, scalable, and flexible production of vaccines, representing a significant advancement over traditional methods for addressing global health needs and pandemic preparedness.