Human rights is a body of universally recognized moral principles and legal norms that establish fundamental standards of conduct and protection for all individuals, considered inherent and inalienable regardless of nationality or status. As a research concept and field, it investigates the nature, scope, historical development, and enforcement of these rights through national and international legal frameworks, analyzing their political, social, and cultural dimensions and their significance in safeguarding human dignity, ensuring equality, and regulating the relationship between state authority and individuals.