Four obligately anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria representing one novel genus and two novel species were isolated from the female genital tract. Both novel species, designated UPII 610-J^T and KA00274^T, and an additional isolate of each species were characterized utilizing biochemical, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses. All strains were non-motile and non-spore forming, asaccharolytic, non-cellulolytic and indole-negative coccobacilli. Fatty acid methyl ester analysis for UPII 610-J^T and KA00274^T and additional isolates revealed C_{16 : 0}, C_{18 : 0}, C_18:1ω9c and C_18:2ω6,9c to be the major fatty acids for both species. UPII 610-J^T had a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 99.4 % to an uncultured clone sequence (AY724740) designated as Bacterial Vaginosis Associated Bacterium 2 (BVAB2). KA00274^T had a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 96.5 % to UPII 610-J^T. Whole genomic DNA mol% G+C content was 42.2 and 39.3 % for UPII 610-JT and KA00274^T, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses indicate these isolates represent a novel genus and two novel species within the Oscillospiraceae family. We propose the names Amygdalobacter indicium gen. nov., sp. nov., for UPII 610-J^T representing the type strain of this species (=DSM 112989^T, =ATCC TSD-274^T) and Amygdalobacter nucleatus gen. nov., sp. nov., for KA00274^T representing the type strain of this species (=DSM 112988^T, =ATCC TSD-275^T).

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